Technical Guide

LED Display Technical Guide

Key specifications explained in plain language — so you can specify the right screen for your project, first time.

Understanding Pixel Pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance between the centres of two adjacent pixels, measured in millimetres. It is the single most important factor in image sharpness and viewing distance.

Pixel Pitch Best Viewing Distance Typical Application
P10 / P8 10–100 m Outdoor advertising, highway billboards, stadium screens
P6 / P5 5–40 m Street-level advertising, building facades
P3.9 / P3 3–15 m Indoor video walls, conference rooms, retail signage
P2.5 / P2 1–8 m Indoor premium, TV studio, command centre
P1.8 / P1.5 0.5–5 m Ultra-fine pitch, close-viewing commercial display

Rule of thumb: minimum viewing distance ≈ pixel pitch (mm) × 2.5. A P3.9 screen is comfortable to read from about 10 metres away.

Brightness & Environment

Environment Minimum Brightness Notes
Indoor 500–1,000 cd/m² SMD indoor modules, no weather protection needed
Semi-outdoor / covered 1,000–3,500 cd/m² Under canopies or arcades
Full outdoor (sunlight) 4,000–13,000 cd/m² P10 and above, IP65/IP66 rated, automatic brightness adjustment

We also offer higher-brightness options (up to 13,000 cd/m²) for extreme sunlight or high-ambient-light environments.

IP Rating Guide

  • IP20 — Indoor only. Dust-protected, no water resistance.
  • IP54 — Dust-protected, limited water ingress. Suitable for covered indoor-outdoor areas.
  • IP65 — Dust-tight and protected against water jets. Standard for outdoor LED displays.
  • IP66 — Dust-tight and protected against powerful water jets. Recommended for coastal or high-rain locations.

Common Specifications

Parameter Typical Value
Refresh rate ≥ 3,000 Hz (no flicker under camera)
Grey scale 14–16 bit (65,536 levels)
Contrast ratio ≥ 4,000:1
Colour temperature 2,500–6,500 K adjustable
Cabinet weight 7–11 kg (standard 500×500 / 1000×500)
Power consumption 180–320 W/m² (average)
Signal input HDMI / DVI / DP / Ethernet / Wi-Fi / 4G / 5G
Control system Novastar / HD-series receivers, with backup power & signal

Cabinet & Module Selection

  • Rental series — 500×500 and 1000×500 cabinets, quick-lock design, 8–10 kg per cabinet, suited to touring and event rental.
  • Fixed outdoor series — 500×500 or 1000×1000 cabinets with front or rear maintenance, built-in steel structure for permanent installation.
  • Fine pitch series — 500×500 and 250×250 cabinets with die-cast aluminium frames for indoor premium applications.
  • Transparent series — 500×1000 or 1000×500 panels with 60–75% transparency for shopfronts and glass facades.

Customization Options

  • Non-standard cabinet sizes and screen shapes (circular, curved, arched, irregular)
  • Custom colours, textures and branding on the cabinet frame
  • Different brightness grades and colour temperatures per project
  • Integration with third-party control systems and media players
  • Special backlight and power-supply configurations

Not sure which specification fits your project? Send us your screen size, viewing distance and installation environment — we will recommend the exact model and pixel pitch, free of charge.